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OER4Schools/Introduction to enquiry based learning: Difference between revisions

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''"''''You can't teach people everything they need to know. The best you can do is position them where they can find what they need to know when they need to know it."'''''
''<nowiki>"'</nowiki>'''You can't teach people everything they need to know. The best you can do is position them where they can find what they need to know when they need to know it."'''''


'''Seymour Papert, MIT'''
'''Seymour Papert, MIT'''
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|ict={{ OER4SchoolsWSInfo/ICT intro}}
|ict={{ OER4SchoolsWSInfo/ICT intro}}
* online simulations, and
* online simulations
* think about how to use these in the context of EBL.
* how to use these in the context of EBL


|resources=
|resources=
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* large white piece of paper
* large white piece of paper
* different colours of markers or coloured pens
* different colours of markers or coloured pens
* computer/laptop/netbook and internet.
* computer/laptop/netbook and internet
}}
}}


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{{activity|wcd| on enquiry-based learning|10}} You may have heard of “enquiry-based learning” (EBL) being practised in other subjects (e.g. geography) or in higher grades through farming or industry projects. For instance, you may have heard of teachers bringing their students outside the classroom to learn about commercial and subsistence farming. The quotes below show two Zambian teacher's thoughts about enquiry-based learning; read the text, then offer your own understanding of EBL as a group.
{{activity|wcd| on enquiry-based learning.|10}} You may have heard of “enquiry-based learning” (EBL) being practised in other subjects (e.g. geography) or in higher grades through farming or industry projects. For instance, you may have heard of teachers bringing their students outside the classroom to learn about commercial and subsistence farming. The quotes below show two Zambian teacher's thoughts about enquiry-based learning; read the text, then offer your own understanding of EBL as a group.


{{speechbubbleleft|text=
{{speechbubbleleft|text=
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These clips show a Zambian teacher introducing the topic of air with a view to doing various enquiry-based learning activities with the students.  In the clips she is arousing their curiosity by asking, 'Why do trees shake?'
These clips show a Zambian teacher introducing the topic of air with a view to doing various enquiry-based learning activities with the students.  In the clips she is arousing their curiosity by asking, 'Why do trees shake?'
{{todo|Insert videos - check for A02 video:  (with first few seconds cut as per 'Video clips October 2012' document on Googledocs) }}


{{: Video/Agness_Air_A02.m4v }}
{{: Video/Agness_Air_A02.m4v }}
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{{activity|wcd| - continuation of previous discussion|10}} Continue the whole group discussion, augmenting the definition of enquiry-based learning to make it your own.
{{activity|wcd| - continuation of previous discussion|10}}. Continue the whole group discussion, augmenting the definition of enquiry-based learning to make it your own.


= Benefits of Enquiry-Based Learning =
= Benefits of Enquiry-Based Learning =
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'''Impact on learning.''' Enquiry-based teaching and learning have been shown to '''increase motivation and interest '''of learners and teachers, and can '''significantly''' '''increase achievement on standardised tests'''. The increased focus required of the learners to discuss and be involved in practical work means that there will be less emphasis on writing down factual information only. On the whole, students will be involved in more higher order thinking and this increases the level of challenge of learning for all the learners.
'''Impact on learning.''' Enquiry-based teaching and learning have been shown to '''increase motivation and interest '''of learners and teachers, and can '''significantly''' '''increase achievement on standardised tests'''. The increased focus required of the learners to discuss and be involved in practical work means that there will be less emphasis on writing down factual information only. On the whole, students will be involved in more higher order thinking and this increases the level of challenge of learning for all the learners.


(Taken from “Bright Ideas in Primary Science” evaluation in 16 schools: http://www.brookes.ac.uk/schools/education/rescon/azsttp.html  
(Taken from “Bright Ideas in Primary Science” evaluation in 16 schools: http://cs3.brookes.ac.uk/schools/education/rescon/azsttp.html
}}
}}




{{activity|wcd| on issues and concerns on EBL|10}} The benefits of enquiry have been outlined but what are the '''issues or concerns''' that might arise? How can these be addressed?
{{activity|wcd| on issues and concerns on EBL.|10}} The benefits of enquiry have been outlined but what are the '''issues or concerns''' that might arise? How can these be addressed?


{{ednote|text=
{{ednote|text=
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{{activity|stgw|10}} Each group of 3-4 participants should have access to the following material:
{{activity|stgw|10}} Each group of 3-4 participants should have access to the following material:
* large white piece of paper
* large white piece of paper
* different colours of markers or coloured pens
* different coloured markers/pens


Imagine that you are very interested in bringing your students outside the classroom to learn certain maths or science concepts using an authentic ‘real-life’ approach. Up to now, the ideas have just been ‘lingering’ in your mind. You are curious to know of the possibilities and what other participants think about it! Let’s call this learning experience a “field trip” or “project day”.
Imagine that you are very interested in bringing your students outside the classroom to learn certain maths or science concepts using an authentic ‘real-life’ approach. Up to now, the ideas have just been ‘lingering’ in your mind. You are curious to know of the possibilities and what other participants think about it! Let’s call this learning experience a “field trip” or “project day”.
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== Identify Possible Objectives ==
== Identify Possible Objectives ==


Take a coloured marker/pen and write "Objectives of Field Trip" in the center of the paper. Now circle it, as shown in the illustration below. Brainstorm on '''one or two maths and science topics''' that you would like to focus on and write within the circle. Write down as well '''what are the possible lesson objectives''' of the field trip – to help all of you to focus on generating more ideas later.  
Take a coloured marker/pen and write "Objectives of Field Trip" in the centre of the paper. Now circle it, as shown in the illustration below. Brainstorm on '''one or two maths and science topics''' that you would like to focus on and write within the circle. Write down as well '''what are the possible lesson objectives''' of the field trip – to help all of you to focus on generating more ideas later.  


[[Image:Unit5.1IntroductiontoEnquiryBasedLearning.1.png]]
[[Image:Unit5.1IntroductiontoEnquiryBasedLearning.1.png]]
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{{fup|1}} '''PORTFOLIO.''' Continue collecting evidence for your OER4Schools portfolio by keeping track of your planning and implementation of an enquiry project, and reflecting on what you are learning as you go through the unit. Collect paper/electronic documents to show the whole process, beginning in this workshop session and throughout Unit 5. Please include copies (e.g. photographs/photocopies) of student work throughout the stages they go through (not just finished outcomes). Your reflections can be oral using the dictaphone, you don't need to write them out, but please remember to include challenges you faced as well as benefits of new approaches you trialled.  
{{fup|1}} '''PORTFOLIO.''' Continue collecting evidence for your OER4Schools portfolio by keeping track of your planning and implementation of an enquiry project, and reflecting on what you are learning as you go through the unit. Collect paper/electronic documents to show the whole process, beginning in this workshop session and throughout Unit 5. Please include copies (e.g. photographs/photocopies) of student work throughout the stages they go through (not just finished outcomes). Your reflections can be oral using the dictaphone, you don't need to write them out, but please remember to include challenges you faced as well as benefits of new approaches you trialled.  


As we are nearing the end of the year’s programme, we would also like to return to the ''''most significant change'''' technique and ask you to use your portfolio to create a story illustrating the biggest change you feel you have made in your thinking and practice over the year.
As we are nearing the end of the year’s programme, we would also like to return to the ''''<nowiki>most significant change'</nowiki>''' technique and ask you to use your portfolio to create a story illustrating the biggest change you feel you have made in your thinking and practice over the year.


{{fup|2}} Start planning for an enquiry-based ‘project day’ or ‘field trip’ for your own classroom and share your ideas in the next session. The questions (similar to the small group activity just now) below should be a useful starting point for your planning. Remember that the project or field trip should allow the students to explore an enquiry idea in some depth (and not just answer some closed and surface questions).
{{fup|2}} Start planning for an enquiry-based ‘project day’ or ‘field trip’ for your own classroom and share your ideas in the next session. The questions (similar to the small group activity just now) below should be a useful starting point for your planning. Remember that the project or field trip should allow the students to explore an enquiry idea in some depth (and not just answer some closed and surface questions).
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{| style="border-spacing:0;"
{| style="border-spacing:0;"
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| '''‘Open-ended’ Questions'''
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;" | '''‘Open-ended’ Questions'''
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| '''‘Deep’ Questions'''
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;" | '''‘Deep’ Questions'''
|-
|-
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Questions have many answers.  
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;" | Questions have many answers.  


''Examples: ''
''Examples: ''


''What could be the consequences of water contamination? How does a balanced diet help us? How could we use flowers of plants? Suggest ways to prevent spread of malaria in your community?''
''What could be the consequences of water contamination? How does a balanced diet help us? How could we use flowers of plants? Suggest ways to prevent spread of malaria in your community?''
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;"| Questions elicit relations between ideas and extended ideas.  
| style="border:0.035cm solid #000000;padding:0.176cm;" | Questions elicit relations between ideas and extended ideas.  


''Examples:''
''Examples:''