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Recreating the Big Bang: Difference between revisions
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|resourcenumber=SC0022 | |resourcenumber=SC0022 | ||
|age= Secondary, Year 10. | |age= Secondary, Year 10. | ||
|content= | |content=This presentation looks at the work of CERN to re-create the conditions present in the early universe as well as the standard particle model. Session 4 of a series of 6 entitled 'Astronomy masterclass' (SC0018). | ||
|strategy= | |strategy= | ||
|Learning Objectives= | |Learning Objectives= | ||
* Appreciate that the Big Bang was neither big nor went bang<br /> | |||
* Understand why the work at CERN will not destroy the earth, and what they really do there <br /> | |||
* Appreciate the discoveries of particle physics and why the Higgs Boson is such a critical thing to try to find | |||
|additional resources= | |additional resources= | ||
|useful information= | |useful information= | ||
|related resources=[[Astronomy Masterclass]], [[It's full of stars]], [[From Earth to Moon]], [[Celestial Wanderers]], [[88 Miles per hour]], [[88 Miles per hour]] | |related resources=[[Astronomy Masterclass]], [[It's full of stars]], [[From Earth to Moon]], [[Celestial Wanderers]], [[88 Miles per hour]], [[88 Miles per hour]] | ||
|other= | |other= | ||
|format= | |format=A 31 minute narrated screencast which is part of the full, six hour 'Astronomy Masterclass'. Also supplied as a Prezi and a Acrobat file should you wish to do the presentation yourself. The [[Astronomy Masterclass]] overview tells how the resource was used. | ||
|resources=Choice of formats: | |||
* Narrated video - 31 mins http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X6AfiDC7meg <br /> | |||
* Astronomy Masterclass - Prezi Slide presentation - http://prezi.com/2hk390sfkqjh/the-astronomy-masterclass/ <br /> | |||
* Acrobat PDF document - for session 4, use pages 99-139 of Astronomy masterclass.pdf at https://www.box.com/shared/aqnk3lvr09 (241Mb) | |||
* TES Resources link - http://www.tes.co.uk/teaching-resource/The-Astronomy-Masterclass-6070303/ This also includes links to other YouTube videos. | |||
Title page graphic only: | |||
[[File:astronomymasterclasstitlepage.png]] | |||
}} | |||
[[Category:Secondary]] [[Category:Science]] | [[Category:Secondary]] [[Category:Science]] | ||
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'''Session 4 – Recreating the Big bang''' | '''Session 4 – Recreating the Big bang''' | ||
This session looks at the structure of | This session looks at the structure of “stuff” and goes well beyond GCSE level – starting with an overview of the 'big bang' and attempting to explain what particle accelerators actually do.<br /> | ||
* C.E.R.N. is funded by the EU to conduct experiments into particle physics. It is a great example of international cooperation. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CERN<br /> | |||
* People often read stories about the work of CERN and get very scared. “will they create another “big bang” and destroy the earth” is a common one... The big bang is very poorly understood by the public.<br /> | |||
- Some think it is a TV show<br /> | :- Some think it is a TV show<br /> | ||
- Some a “large explosion”<br /> | :- Some a “large explosion”<br /> | ||
- Some think it is some incomprehensible science thing...<br /> | :- Some think it is some incomprehensible science thing...<br /> | ||
- Some even think it is a Korean Boy Band<br /> | :- Some even think it is a Korean Boy Band<br /> | ||
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bang_(Korean_band)<br /> | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bang_(Korean_band)<br /> | ||
- Even pop stars get it wrong<br /> | :- Even pop stars get it wrong<br /> | ||
Video - from the TED technology conference from a few years ago. | :- Video - from the TED technology conference from a few years ago. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TED_(conference)<br /> | ||
* So what is it then? Two key pieces of science to understand<br /> | |||
:- Heinrich Olbers (may have been mentioned in session 1) Olbers Paradox: Space is not infinite http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olbers'_paradox<br /> | |||
:- Edwin Hubble. Recession velocities of galaxies. Everything moving away from everything else. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubble's_law The Universe is expanding – and so MUST have had a “start” point where everything was very squashed up<br /> | |||
Two key pieces of science to understand<br /> | :- Video – A small boy gets depressed about the end of the Universe<br /> | ||
:- Back to Einstein<br /> | |||
Heinrich Olbers (may have been mentioned in session 1) | :- Video – Dr Emmet Brown and Marty McFly discuss Energy. A Jiggawatt is a Corruption of a Giga Watt.<br /> | ||
:- Energy and mass equivalence E=mc2 There is no difference as far as the universe is concerned between heat and chairs. It is all just a different form of energy.<br /> | |||
Edwin Hubble | |||
The Universe is expanding – and so MUST have had a “start” point where everything was very squashed up | |||
Video – A small boy gets depressed about the end of the Universe<br /> | |||
- Back to Einstein<br /> | |||
Video – Dr Emmet Brown and Marty McFly discuss Energy. A Jiggawatt is a Corruption of a Giga Watt.<br /> | |||
Energy and mass equivalence | |||
E=mc2 | |||
There is no difference as far as the universe is concerned between heat and chairs. It is all just a different form of energy.<br /> | |||
* Sometimes useful to recap the “nine” types of energy they met in KS3 and then add the 10th “mass” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass%E2%80%93energy_equivalence<br /> | |||
:- So at the start of the universe there was a very high density of mass/energy. <br /> | |||
- So at the start of the universe there was a very high density of mass/energy. <br /> | |||
• What does density mean<br /> | • What does density mean<br /> | ||
- Video - is from US show Mythbusters to demonstrate Density – Do not try it at home!<br /> | :- Video - is from US show Mythbusters to demonstrate Density – Do not try it at home!<br /> | ||
- Video - Official CERN intro video – they collide particles together at high speeds to squash them up to recreate these very high densities and then watch what happens. It is not true to say they smash up atoms to see what is in them – more they create particles from (kinetic) energy.<br /> | :- Video - Official CERN intro video – they collide particles together at high speeds to squash them up to recreate these very high densities and then watch what happens. It is not true to say they smash up atoms to see what is in them – more they create particles from (kinetic) energy.<br /> | ||
- Note - this video is fairly dated now and I need to find a newer one! – suggestions welcome | :- Note - this video is fairly dated now and I need to find a newer one! – suggestions welcome. So what have they found?<br /> | ||
So what have they found?<br /> | * Soft toy particles from www.particlezoo.net<br /> | ||
* Also a free iPhone/iPod app detailing them<br /> | |||
* Everyday matter made of just 4 building blocks.<br /> | |||
* Electron, neutrino, up and down quarks<br /> | |||
:- Proton is UUD<br /> | |||
- Proton is UUD<br /> | :- Neutron is UDD<br /> | ||
- Neutron is UDD<br /> | * But there seem to be 2 heavier families of particles that we don’t see any more in our universe<br /> | ||
:- 4 more quarks<br /> | |||
:- 2 more electron equivalents<br /> | |||
:- 2 more neutrinos<br /> | |||
:- Together these all make up the standard model. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Model<br /> | |||
:- They all have different masses from the lightest (more stable) to the heaviest (least stable) however to make the biggest particles you need the biggest machines. ? next to dark matter and higgs boson as no one knows exactly what they are yet.<br /> | |||
:- However that is not all<br /> | |||
- They all have different masses from the lightest (more stable) to the heaviest (least stable) however to make the biggest particles you need the biggest machines. | :-Video - Toy story clip showing the dark side vs. the light side – (take off of the fight scene in Star wars VI)<br /> | ||
- However that is not all<br /> | :- Antimatter exists. If an anti up quark meets and up quark they annihilate each other.<br /> | ||
Video - Toy story clip showing the dark side vs. the light side – (take off of the fight scene in Star wars VI)<br /> | :- Big question as to what has happened to all the anti matter in the universe – why are we matter dominated? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimatter<br /> | ||
- Antimatter exists | :- Only one particle from the standard model remains to be found. In theory it should exist and IF it can be found then it validates the whole theory. If it is not found... then everything else may be wrong! http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higgs_boson<br /> | ||
If an anti up quark meets and up quark they annihilate each other.<br /> | * Video - Final clip from the Big Bang Theory showing how difficult it can be to find a Higgs Boson<br /> | ||
Big question as to what has happened to all the anti matter in the universe – why are we matter dominated? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimatter<br /> | |||
- Only one particle from the standard model remains to be found. In theory it should exist and IF it can be found then it validates the whole theory. If it is not found... then everything else may be wrong! http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higgs_boson<br /> | |||
Video - Final clip from the Big Bang Theory showing how difficult it can be to find a Higgs Boson<br /> | |||
End of session 4<br /> | End of session 4<br /> | ||
