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Force in the early years/Document: Difference between revisions
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At KS1 pupils needs to be able to: | At KS1 pupils needs to be able to: | ||
* describe the movement of familiar things, | * describe the movement of familiar things, | ||
* know that pushes and pulls are examples of forces, | * know that pushes and pulls are examples of forces, | ||
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Here are some more examples: | Here are some more examples: | ||
* Car mat activity: describing the movement of toy cars as they are played with watching traffic – links to road safety. | * Car mat activity: describing the movement of toy cars as they are played with watching traffic – links to road safety. | ||
* Moving things in the classroom: twirlers, mobiles. | * Moving things in the classroom: twirlers, mobiles. | ||
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Again, compare the effects of ‘big’ and ‘small’ forces. | Again, compare the effects of ‘big’ and ‘small’ forces. | ||
* Moving air: windmills/ribbons/kites/racing wind wheels/bubbles/wind chimes/wind measurers (different materials on washing lines)/wind sock/spiral twirlers/flapping fish race/sails on modern ships/squirting bottles/battery fans/pneumatics (demonstrate a simple syringe effect)/balloon on string/car (demonstrate)/blow paint. | * Moving air: windmills/ribbons/kites/racing wind wheels/bubbles/wind chimes/wind measurers (different materials on washing lines)/wind sock/spiral twirlers/flapping fish race/sails on modern ships/squirting bottles/battery fans/pneumatics (demonstrate a simple syringe effect)/balloon on string/car (demonstrate)/blow paint. | ||
* Moving water: water wheels/car or boat water toys. | * Moving water: water wheels/car or boat water toys. | ||
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'''Points to follow up''' | '''Points to follow up''' | ||
Pressure= force | ''Pressure= force / area'' | ||
If someone stands on your toes wearing stiletto heels, it is more painful than if they do so wearing wellies. The same force is applied over a smaller area. This also explains why it is important to lie on a ladder if you are rescuing someone trapped in a frozen pond. Your pressure on the ice will be less because your weight (force) will be spread over a larger area. | If someone stands on your toes wearing stiletto heels, it is more painful than if they do so wearing wellies. The same force is applied over a smaller area. This also explains why it is important to lie on a ladder if you are rescuing someone trapped in a frozen pond. Your pressure on the ice will be less because your weight (force) will be spread over a larger area. | ||
Energy = force x distance | |||
''Energy = force x distance'' | |||
The same energy is required to close a door however you do it. If you close it with your hand near the hinge, it is hard work. A large force is needed because the distance is small. If you close it with your hand near the handle it is much easier. Less force is needed because the distance is greater. | The same energy is required to close a door however you do it. If you close it with your hand near the hinge, it is hard work. A large force is needed because the distance is small. If you close it with your hand near the handle it is much easier. Less force is needed because the distance is greater. | ||
Force + mass x acceleration | |||
''Force + mass x acceleration'' | |||
In other words, the harder we push, the more things will speed up. Force is directly proportional to acceleration. | In other words, the harder we push, the more things will speed up. Force is directly proportional to acceleration. | ||
If we were to rearrange this formula: | If we were to rearrange this formula: | ||
Acceleration = force | |||
''Acceleration = force / mass'' | |||
Then we can see that acceleration is inversely proportional to the mass of an object. The bigger the object the harder we would have to push to get it to speed up. | Then we can see that acceleration is inversely proportional to the mass of an object. The bigger the object the harder we would have to push to get it to speed up. | ||
Friction is force | Friction is force | ||
It is the force resisting motion between two surfaces in contact. Air resistance is a kind of friction. | It is the force resisting motion between two surfaces in contact. Air resistance is a kind of friction. | ||
Demonstrations | |||
'''Demonstrations''' | |||
Force toys in variety including a screwball scramble, windsocks, windmills, twirly things and marble run/Galt Ramp equipment/Pneumatic kit/Balloon on string. | Force toys in variety including a screwball scramble, windsocks, windmills, twirly things and marble run/Galt Ramp equipment/Pneumatic kit/Balloon on string. | ||
Activities | |||
'''Activities''' | |||
Explore toys: make a list and identify which aspects of forces that could be used. | Explore toys: make a list and identify which aspects of forces that could be used. | ||
A force is when you’re made to do something. | |||
My mother forces me to tidy the room when I don’t want to. | '''Definitions''' | ||
Forces are big and strong | |||
Forces are power and energy. | A force is when you’re made to do something.<br />My mother forces me to tidy the room when I don’t want to.<br />Forces are big and strong<br />Forces are power and energy.<br />When it snows and it’s cold and there’s snow everywhere, you have to force your way through.<br />I am not sure what force means but there’s an Air Force.It’s got a blue uniform.<br />There’s also brute force.<br />Force is gravity and wind.<br />(Sparks 1993 PSR 28) | ||
When it snows and it’s cold and there’s snow everywhere, you have to force your way through. | |||
I am not sure what force means but there’s an Air Force. It’s got a blue uniform. There’s also brute force. | |||
Force is gravity and wind. | |||
(Sparks 1993 PSR 28) | |||
Mass is a measure of the ‘amount of stuff’. | |||
Mass is measured in grams (g) and kilograms (kg). | Mass is a measure of the ‘amount of stuff’.<br />Mass is measured in grams (g) and kilograms (kg).<br />Weight is the measure of the ‘pull of gravity’. Weight is a force measured in Newtons (N).<br />A mass of 1kg has a weight of about 10N.<br />On the earth, the pull of gravity is about 10N.<br />On the moon, the pull of gravity is about 1/6 of that on earth.<br />If your mass is 30kg on the earth it is also 30kg on the moon.<br />Your weight on the earth will be 300N but on the moon it will only be 50N. | ||
Weight is the measure of the ‘pull of gravity’. Weight is a force measured in Newtons (N). | |||
A mass of 1kg has a weight of about 10N. | [[Category:Primary]][[Category:Science]][[Category:Teacher Education]] | ||
On the earth, the pull of gravity is about 10N. | |||
On the moon, the pull of gravity is about 1/6 of that on earth. | |||
If your mass is 30kg on the earth it is also 30kg on the moon. | |||
Your weight on the earth will be 300N but on the moon it will only be 50N. | |||
