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OER4Schools/Review of AfL and lesson pacing: Difference between revisions

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{{OER4S}}
{{OER4S
|title={{Get session title}}
|session=4.5
}}
{{OER4SchoolsWSInfo
|intention={{ OER4SchoolsWSInfo/intention intro}}
* self assessment and review as a way of consolidating learning about AfL
* ways to ensure lessons are paced appropriately and adapted to learners' needs
 
|success criteria={{ OER4SchoolsWSInfo/criteria intro}}
 
* complete a review document about what has been learnt and tried out for AfL
* watch two videos and analyse the pace of the lesson shown
 
 
|ict=In this session you will continue consolidating the ICT skills
you have learnt so far, and apply them in the classroom. You will be
able to apply AfL techniques in conjunction with ICT classroom use as
well.
}}
 


= {{name for review of follow up}} =
= {{name for review of follow up}} =
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{{review of follow up}}
{{review of follow up}}


= Objectives for this lesson =
= Review of AfL =
 
{{activity|ia|: Individual work.|5}} You have learnt quite a lot about how assessment can support students’ learning (AfL) and some activities that you can carry out in lessons.


The objectives for this session are to
If you have been updating your assessment inventory regularly you should have at least five rows of entries.  These serve to remind you of:
* review what has been learnt and tried out for AfL,
* discuss ways to ensure lessons are paced appropriately and adapted to learners’ needs,
* and to try out AfL during an ICT-supported activity.


= Review of AfL =
* what you have understood of an aspect of AfL each week and
* how you have tried to carry out AfL measures in your lessons
 
Self-assess your completed inventory now using this criteria and if there are any gaps you can fill them in with the help of your peers.
 
{{ednote|text=


{{activity|Individual work}} You have learnt quite a lot about how assessment can support students’ learning (AfL) and some activities that you can carry out in lessons.
Give participants a few minutes to fill in any gaps as this will help with the next part of the activity.


You should have been updating your assessment inventory regularly, and you should have at least five rows of entries in your inventory by now, to remind yourself of what you have understood of an aspect of AfL each week and how you have tried to carry out AfL measures in your lessons.
At the end of the review activities ask participants to comment on how useful they found their inventory in helping them to get a clear picture of what they have learnt about AfL.
* Did they complete it in enough depth?
* Did they keep it up to date as new techniques were learned?
* Did they practise each of the new techniques as they were introduced?
* What are the benefits of keeping track of your learning in this way?
}}


Referring to your inventory, complete the following questionnaire to review how much you have learnt and tried to practise AfL in your classrooms. Circle the choice that best represents how you feel about each topic in this unit. There are no right or wrong answers!
Referring to your inventory, complete the following questionnaire to review how much you have learnt and tried to practise AfL in your classrooms. Circle the choice that best represents how you feel about each topic in this unit. There are no right or wrong answers!
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{{oinc| OER4Schools/4.5_Review_of_AfL_and_lesson_pacing/questionnaire }}  
{{oinc| OER4Schools/4.5_Review_of_AfL_and_lesson_pacing/questionnaire }}  


{{activity|Pair work}} Share your responses with another partner teacher and reflect on whether there are any similarities or differences in the entries. Each pair of teachers will report to the whole group on the similarities and differences of your responses. Try to explain to the whole group why there could be these similarities or differences.  
{{activity|stgw| in pairs: Sharing your responses to the review activity.|10}} Share your responses with another partner teacher and reflect on whether there are any similarities or differences in the entries. Each pair of teachers will report to the whole group on the similarities and differences of your responses. Try to explain to the whole group why there could be these similarities or differences.  


{{activity|Whole Group Discussion}} As a group, review the responses of each pair of teachers and identify if there are any conclusions that are common to the other pairs of teachers. Identify in particular if there are any particular topics of assessment that will require more follow-up.  What are some specific ways that you may require more support and assistance? Can your peers help you?
{{activity|wcd|: Reviewing the responses.|10}} As a group, review the responses of each pair of teachers and identify if there are any conclusions that are common to the other pairs of teachers. Identify in particular if there are any particular topics of assessment that will require more follow-up.  What are some specific ways that you may require more support and assistance? Can your peers help you?


{{ednote|text=
{{ednote|text=
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= Lesson pacing: Your experience =
= Lesson pacing: Your experience =


 
{{activity|ia| Individual work.|10}}  
{{activity|Individual work}}  
# Think of a lesson which took more time than you had planned or less time than you had planned. On your mini-blackboard or sheet of paper write reasons for why you think this happened?  
# Think of a lesson which took more time than you had planned or less time than you had planned. On your mini-blackboard or sheet of paper write reasons for why you think this happened?  
# Also consider what are some ways to ensure that you can pace lessons effectively such that you have sufficient time and learner engagement is maintained – for example, students get bored if they are not gainfully occupied and have to wait a long time for assistance or for peers to complete a task. Have you ever noticed this happening?
# Also consider what are some ways to ensure that you can pace lessons effectively such that you have sufficient time and learner engagement is maintained – for example, students get bored if they are not gainfully occupied and have to wait a long time for assistance or for peers to complete a task. Have you ever noticed this happening?


{{activity|Pair work and whole group work}} Compare your responses with another partner teacher and report to the group on your responses. Write down three strategies that you would like to try in your classroom and keep this safely with your other OER4schools materials. Choose one or two of these to commit to trying out this week to maintain the pace of your lesson and ensure that all students are actively engaged throughout.
{{activity|stgw| in pairs followed by whole group discussion.|10}} Compare your responses with another partner teacher and report to the group on your responses. Write down three strategies that you would like to try in your classroom and keep this safely with your other OER4schools materials. Choose one or two of these to commit to trying out this week to maintain the pace of your lesson and ensure that all students are actively engaged throughout.


{{ednote|text=
{{ednote|text=
The facilitator may like to record what lesson pacing strategies each pair of teachers has suggested, to remind the group what has been said. You could do this on the blackboard, a large sheet of paper, or using a computer and projector. These could be some possible responses for over-running of a lesson:
The facilitator may like to record what lesson pacing strategies each pair of teachers has suggested, to remind the group what has been said. You could do this on the blackboard, a large sheet of paper, or using a computer and projector. These could be some possible responses for over-running of a lesson:
* too much information in one lesson,
* too much information in one lesson,
* unrealistic estimation of what children know / do not know,
* unrealistic estimation of what children know/do not know,
* inappropriate concept about timing,
* inappropriate concept about timing,
* too much repetition of the same concept, and
* too much repetition of the same concept, and
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= South African videos on lesson pacing =
= South African videos on lesson pacing =


In this session we are watching video that was produced in a school near Cape Town in South Africa. The school is located in a township, and the class is a Grade 7 class, with about 40 students. The teacher (Noxolo) planned a mathematics activity day on making three-dimensional shapes out of paper, so that the learners could get hands-on experience of building and understanding those shapes. We will return to this lesson in the unit on enquiry and project-based learning.
In this session, we are watching video that was produced in a school near Cape Town in South Africa. The school is located in a township, and the class is a Grade 7 class, with about 40 students. The teacher (Noxolo) planned a mathematics activity day on making three-dimensional shapes out of paper, so that the learners could get hands-on experience of building and understanding those shapes. We will return to this lesson in the unit on enquiry and project-based learning.


{{activity|Video watching}} Watch the two clips below, showing  
{{activity|otr|: South African videos on lesson pacing.|10}} Watch the two clips below, showing  
# how the teacher, Noxolo, tries to find out what students know about polygons '''prior''' to her teaching the topic (see first video) and  
# How the teacher, Noxolo, tries to find out what students know about polygons '''prior''' to her teaching the topic (see first video) and  
# Noxolo responding to the students '''after''' she observes them working in groups on polyhedra (see second video).
# Noxolo responding to the students '''after''' she observes them working in groups on polyhedra (see second video).


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Bear these questions in mind as you watch the video:
Bear these questions in mind as you watch the video:


{{video|name=Noxolo_3Dshapes_1.1_AfL1_prior_knowledge.m4v|src=49L8id4OnGk}}
{{: Video/Noxolo_3Dshapes_1.1_AfL1_prior_knowledge.m4v }}


{{video|name=Noxolo_3D_shapes_1.3_AfL4_acting_on_obs.m4v|src=RZPlK1l_2hQ}}
{{: Video/Noxolo_3D_shapes_1.3_AfL4_acting_on_obs.m4v }}


After watching the videos, share some of your responses as a group.
After watching the videos, share some of your responses as a group.
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= Reflection on lesson pacing and making connections =  
= Reflection on lesson pacing and making connections =  


 
{{activity|wcd|: Reflection on lesson pacing and making connections.|10}}  
{{activity|Whole group discussion}}  


Adapting to learners’ needs
Adapting to learners’ needs
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Write down your main take-away messages about lesson pacing, group work and AfL in your assessment inventory.
Write down your main take-away messages about lesson pacing, group work and AfL in your assessment inventory.


= An ICT activity: Picture sequencing =
= {{Name for ICT practice with dtgw}} =
==Introduction to activity ==
{{:OER4Schools/ICT/include}}


The purpose of this activity is twofold:
= {{Name for connecting with overarching goals}} =
# First, for you to learn more about an application, with a view to using it in class.
# Second, to try out AfL during an ICT-supported activity.


So while you do the activity, imagine that you want to introduce it in the class. Think about the following:
{{Activity for connecting with overarching goals}}
* Identify what are the possible lesson objectives and success criteria?
* What kind of formative feedback would you likely be giving your students during the class?
* Do you think the issues typically arising with lesson pacing will be the same or different in a lesson using ICT? Why?
Bear these questions in mind, as you do the following activity!
 
{{ednote|text=
During this activity, ask participants to use traffic lights to indicate their progress  of completion of the activities. The traffic light cards can just be placed in front of each participant, with the relevant color visible on top. Explain to the participants that the red light should be shown if they need immediate and urgent help from the facilitator. Use the orange light if they are unsure about some issues with the activities which they can consult their partner teachers about. Use the green light to indicate that everything is going smoothly for them so far. They are encouraged to use the traffic lights at all times while they are engaging with the activities while you go around assisting them.  There is no need for the participants to “vote” by all using the traffic lights simultaneously at specific times.
}}
 
== ICT activity: Picture sequencing ==
 
 
[[Image:Monarch Life Cycle - 12 of 20.jpg|300px|thumb]]
 
{{: OER4Schools/Monarch butterfly sequencing activity }}
 
{{activity|Discuss in your pair.}} How did you find the ICT activity on using slides to show the life cycle of a butterfly? What are the advantages and disadvantages of making use of ICT for such an activity? Can this activity be completed without using ICT?
 
== Discussion of ICT activity ==
 
 
{{activity|group discussion}} As a group, discuss how this exploration went. Discuss the questions posed above!
 
{{ednote|text=
If there is time, the facilitator may like to record what the teachers have suggested in a table format on the blackboard:
 
{{oinc| OER4Schools/4.5 Review of AfL and lesson pacing/table for lesson objective }}


= Focus on assessment portfolios =


If you are participating in our [[OER4Schools/facilitators programme|facilitators programme]], please collect the data, and submit it for review.
Submission of an assessment portfolio containing at least one piece of material (with notes) from each unit is a key part of completing the OER4Schools programme.


}}
* Further [[OER4Schools/Assessment portfolios|assessment portfolio guidance]] for use during discussion and in your own time.


= Unit 4 review and assessment portfolio =


{{ednote|text=
{{ednote|text=
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As we have done before with other units, you could review all sessions in the current unit, and discuss what participants have found most useful.
As we have done before with other units, you could review all sessions in the current unit, and discuss what participants have found most useful.


You could also consider asking the participants to do an assessment of their progress so far, by producing a portfolio, as detailed below.
You could also consider asking the participants to do an assessment of their progress so far, by adding to their portfolio, as detailed below.
}}
}}


{{Activity|Work in your own time}} To reflect on your progress so far, produce a portfolio. This portfolio should include your 5 “best” pieces of work (e.g. completed activity template or lesson template, concept map, etc) from what you’ve done so far this year. These should be quality items that illustrate what you have learnt, and what you feel you have implemented successfully.
{{Activity|ia|: Start work on assessment portfolios and continue in your own time.|10}} Reflect on your progress so far by adding to your assessment portfolio. This portfolio should include your “best” pieces of work (e.g. completed activity template or lesson template, concept map, etc) from what you’ve done so far this year. These should be quality items that illustrate what you have learnt, and what you feel you have implemented successfully.


You may already have material in your workshop materials that you can dig out or draw on. It can be one technique (eg traffic lights or no hands up) or a whole lesson.  
You may already have material in your workshop materials that you can dig out or draw on. It can be one technique (eg. traffic lights or no hands up) or a whole lesson.  


As part of this assessment portfolio, reflect on each item. You could do an audio reflection for this, if you have access to an audio recorder. At the start of each reflection, state clearly which item you are talking about (eg. “my class discussion about how diseases are transmitted”, or my “concept map on parts of a plant”), and then discuss the following questions:
As part of this assessment portfolio, reflect on each item. You could do an audio reflection for this, if you have access to an audio recorder. At the start of each reflection, state clearly which item you are talking about (eg. “my class discussion about how diseases are transmitted”, or my “concept map on parts of a plant”), and then discuss the following questions:
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* What did you learn from that about what works or doesn’t work to support interactive teaching and learning?
* What did you learn from that about what works or doesn’t work to support interactive teaching and learning?


We encourage you to include your progress on developing new computer skills, but please do this through showcasing your new knowledge about interactive teaching techniques rather than just including computer skills by themselves – so your chosen activities or examples of learning about interactive teaching may or may not involve computer use!
We encourage you to include your progress on developing new computer skills, but please do this through showcasing your new knowledge about interactive teaching techniques rather than just including computer skills by themselves – so your chosen activities or examples of learning about interactive teaching may or may not involve computer use.
= Homework =


= Follow-up activities =
{{activity|Agreeing follow up activities|5}}


* Do a final update of your assessment inventory on any AfL measures you have tried out this week.
* Do a final update of your assessment inventory on any AfL measures you have tried out this week.
* As above, commit to one or two techniques that you will try out this week to maintain the pace of your lesson and ensure that all students are actively engaged throughout.
* As above, commit to one or two techniques that you will try out this week to maintain the pace of your lesson and ensure that all students are actively engaged throughout.
* Try out the sequencing activity in class. (Try to find your own images for a forthcoming lesson topic. You can find pictures that are open resources, i.e. Creative Commons licensed, at http://www.flickr.com/search/advanced/, see here [[Finding CC licenced images on Flickr]] to get some help.) Bear in mind AfL measures, and try them out during the lesson.
* Try out the sequencing activity in class. (Try to find your own images for a forthcoming lesson topic. You can find pictures that are open resources, i.e. Creative Commons licensed, at http://www.flickr.com/search/advanced/, see here [[Finding CC licensed images on Flickr]] to get some help.) Bear in mind AfL measures, and try them out during the lesson.
* Prepare / complete your assessment portfolio
* Prepare/complete your assessment portfolio.
 


= Acknowledgements =
{{setting of follow up}}


* This unit uses pictures of the Monarch butterfly life cycle: {{Monarch_Life_Cycle_Credits}}
{{OER4S NextSession}}
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