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OER4Schools/Supporting reasoning and managing group work: Difference between revisions

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{{OER4S
{{OER4S
|title={{Get session title}}
|title=When to use group work and how to manage it
|session=3.2
|session=3.2
}}{{OER4SchoolsWSInfo
}}{{OER4SchoolsWSInfo
|intention={{ OER4SchoolsWSInfo/intention intro}}  
|intention={{ OER4SchoolsWSInfo/intention intro}}  
* Magic microphone
* when and why to use group work in the classroom
* Group composition and formation  
* three different aspects of managing group work:
* Ground rules during group work  
** '''group composition''' and formation  
* Group size and seating arrangement
** '''ground rules''' during group work  
* "carousel" group work
** group size and seating arrangement
 
* '''"carousel"''' group work (sometimes called a circus of activities) where different groups do the same activities but in a different order
Specific objectives:
* Substantiating uses of group work for teaching and learning
* Learning to manage group work effectively in the classroom
* Learning different organisational strategies for group work


|success criteria={{ OER4SchoolsWSInfo/criteria intro}}
|success criteria={{ OER4SchoolsWSInfo/criteria intro}}
*  participate in a magic microphone reasoning activity, suggesting a specific example of when group work could be used in the classroom with reasons
*  work as part of a small group on one aspect of managing group work and prepare and deliver a presentation on it to the whole group
*  actively listen to other groups presentations on two other aspects of managing group work
*  watch a video and discuss 'carousel' group work, thinking particularly about its use in a limited resource environment


|ict={{ OER4SchoolsWSInfo/ICT intro}}
|ict={{ OER4SchoolsWSInfo/ICT intro}}
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[[Image:oer4s groupwork general2.jpg|300px|thumb]]
[[Image:oer4s groupwork general2.jpg|300px|thumb]]
{{activity|Individual activity| on answering question.|10}} Think of answers to the question below. You can write them on a mini-blackboard or sheet of paper for reference during the activity. Think of as many answers as possible and '''give a reason in each case.''' (Tip: think of the Powerpoint presentation about questioning strategies that you saw in the previous session and draw on your own experience of carrying out group work in the classroom.)
{{activity|Individual activity| on answering the question:  'When would you use group work in your classroom and why?' .|10}} Think of answers to the question below. You can write them on a mini-blackboard or sheet of paper for reference during the activity. Think of as many answers as possible and '''give a reason in each case.''' (Tip: think of the Powerpoint presentation about questioning strategies that you saw in the previous session and draw on your own experience of carrying out group work in the classroom.)


'''When would you use group work in your classroom? Why?''' Give concrete examples of specific lesson activities where possible. For example,
QUESTION:  '''When would you use group work in your classroom and why?'''  
 
Give concrete examples of specific lesson activities where possible. For example:
* when a topic has many sub-topics '''because''' the sub-topics can be mastered by small groups and then taught to other groups, as in different types of pollution
* when a topic has many sub-topics '''because''' the sub-topics can be mastered by small groups and then taught to other groups, as in different types of pollution
* when summarising the topic that has extended over many lessons (give example) '''because''' pupils can remind each other about the things that they have learnt without repetition by the teacher  
* when summarising the topic that has extended over many lessons (give example) '''because''' pupils can remind each other about the things that they have learnt without repetition by the teacher  
* when applications of a topic (give example) are being discussed  '''because''' there can be many answers for this
* when applications of a topic (give example) are being discussed  '''because''' there can be many answers for this
* when practising a new skill (e.g. working out the average) to allow learners to learn from each other


{{Ednote|text=
{{Ednote|text=
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{{activity|mm| activity on group work.|10}} Pass a prop around. Whoever has the prop answers the question above and gives their reason(s).  
{{activity|mm| activity on group work.|5}} Pass a prop around. Whoever has the prop answers the question above and gives their reason(s).  


{{Ednote|text=
{{Ednote|text=
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{{Ednote|text=
{{Ednote|text=
Place three containers (or sheets of paper) on the table. Label them ‘same-task’, ‘different-tasks’ and ‘both’.
Place three containers (or sheets of paper) on the table. Label them ‘same task’, ‘different tasks’ and ‘both’.
}}
}}


{{activity|practical activity|: Indicating your progress with group work.|10}} Write your name on a slip (small piece) of paper and fold it. Drop your name slip in the ‘same-task’ container if you are confident about carrying out same-task group activity in the class. Similarly, drop it in the container ‘different-tasks’ if you are confident about carrying out different-tasks and ‘both’ container if you are confident about ‘both’.
{{activity|practical activity|: Indicating your progress with group work.|5}} Write your name on a slip (small piece) of paper and fold it. Drop your name slip in the ‘same task’ container if you are confident about carrying out same task group activity in the class. Similarly, drop it in the container ‘different tasks’ if you are confident about carrying out different tasks and ‘both’ container if you are confident about ‘both’.


{{Ednote|text=
{{Ednote|text=
Pull out one name from each container and group them together as Group 1 (G1). Similarly form groups G2 and G3.
Pull out one name from each container and group them together as Group 1 (G1). Similarly form groups G2 and G3. If there are too many names in one container and too few in another, adjust the numbers taken from each container whilst trying to maintain a level of similarity in group composition. The aim is to form groups that have the same level of 'expertise' in managing group work.  Alternatively you could choose another strategy of forming groups from the document ‘Group composition and formation’. Try to manage this process of forming groups swiftly. 
 
If there are too many names in one container and too few in another, choose another strategy of forming groups from the document ‘Group composition and formation’.
}}
}}


{{activity|dtgw| on managing group work in the classroom.|10}}
{{activity|dtgw| on managing group work in the classroom.|20}}
The three mixed groups will work on different aspects of managing group work in classroom. They are:
The three mixed groups will work on different aspects of managing group work in classroom. They are:
* G1: Group composition and formation ({{File|Group Composition and Formation.pdf}})
* G1: Group composition and formation ({{File|Group Composition and Formation.pdf}})
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Group G2 will watch a video during their task.
Group G2 will watch a video during their task.


At the end, present what you have learned about managing group work for the benefit of other participants (see details in your document).
{{activity|group presentations| on managing group work.|15}}  At the end, present what you have learned about managing group work for the benefit of other participants (see details in your document).




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= Classroom organisational strategies and carousel group work =
= Classroom organisational strategies and carousel group work =


{{activity|otr|: Video on classroom organisational strategies and carousel group work.|20}}
{{activity|otr|: Video on classroom organisational strategies and carousel group work.|10}}
The video below shows some classroom organisational strategies mainly around group work. Although the video describes science teaching in the UK context, the principles are generic and can be applied in various curriculum areas and contexts. The organisation called the ‘circus of activities’ is commonly known as a ‘carousel’.  
 
[[File: Carousel.jpg|right]]
The video below shows some classroom organisational strategies mainly around group work.  We will watch the first 10 minutes of the video now and the rest can be watched after the session in participants' own time. Although the video describes science teaching in the UK context, the principles are generic and can be applied in various curriculum areas and contexts. The organisation called the ‘circus of activities’ is commonly known as a ‘carousel’ because the children move around the classroom like the hobby horses move around a carousel (see image).


Suggested questions for reflection on video:
Suggested questions for reflection on video:
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{{: Video/Primary_Science_-_Classroom_Organisation.mp4 }}
{{: Video/Primary_Science_-_Classroom_Organisation.mp4 }}
{{Related resources|text=
The '''TESSA''' resource ''Investigating Number and Pattern : Learning through games'' consists of five traditional number-based games that you can play with your students to help enhance their mathematical understanding.  They range from mental arithmetic games played with the whole class to more complex board games to be played in groups as part of a carousel of number-based activities. Useful case studies and an interesting context (a story of a boy whose arithmetic improved because he entered puzzles into a competition) are also included with the resource.
[[File: Learning_through_games.pdf]]
}}


{{activity|wcd|: Discussion on Video on classroom organisational strategies and carousel group work.|10}}
{{activity|wcd|: Discussion on Video on classroom organisational strategies and carousel group work.|10}}


{{ednote|text=
{{ednote|text=
{{activitytag|Carousel}} group work is an important concept, for instance in situations where there are not enough ICTs available to 'go round'. Rather than distributing available ICTs 'thinly', you can do carousel group work instead. We have already alluded to this when introducing typing practice in the classroom.
{{activitytag|Carousel}} group work is an important concept, for instance in situations where there are not enough ICTs available to 'go round'. Rather than distributing available ICTs 'thinly', you can do carousel group work instead. We have already alluded to this when introducing typing practice in the classroom.
The TESSA resource on learning through games contains cultural games that can be played in groups as a carousel of activities (meaning that only one of each game is required rather than a class set).


}}
}}


= {{Name for ICT practice with dtgw}} =
= {{Name for ICT practice with dtgw}} =
 
{{:OER4Schools/ICT/include}}
{{activity|dtgw| with ICT on various topics.|20}}
 
Classroom use of
*  Geogebra
*  slideshows
*  (optional) concept mapping software


= {{Name for connecting with overarching goals}} =
= {{Name for connecting with overarching goals}} =
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{{activity|Agreeing follow up activities|5}}
{{activity|Agreeing follow up activities|5}}


{{fup|A}} Try the magic microphone activity with '''reasoning '''in your class. Form an open question that is related to the topic that they are learning followed by ‘why’. Encourage them to answer the ‘why’ question.
{{fup|A}} Try the magic microphone activity with '''reasoning '''in your class. Form an open question that is related to the topic that students are learning followed by ‘why’. Encourage students to answer the ‘why’ question.


{{fup|B}} List examples of objectives that can be achieved through different types of groups in the document ‘Group composition and formation’.
{{fup|B}} During the second activity you read one document on managing group work. Read the other two documents. Make a note of any questions that you might have about them.  List examples of objectives that can be achieved through different types of groups in the document ‘Group composition and formation’.


{{fup|C}} During the second Activity you read one document on managing group work. Read the other two documents. Write down any questions that you might have about them.
{{fup|C}} Try one new organisational strategy that you saw in the video in your classroom, in any curriculum area.


{{fup|D}} Try one new organisational strategy that you saw in the video in your classroom, in any curriculum area.
{{fup|D}} Watch the rest of the video on carousel group work and complete the remaining questions.


{{setting of follow up}}
{{setting of follow up}}
= Handouts =
Here are the three handouts there were used in this session:
* G1: Group composition and formation ({{File|Group Composition and Formation.pdf}})
* G2: Ground rules during group work ({{File|Ground Rules.pdf}})
* G3: Group size and seating arrangement ({{File|Group Size and Seating Arrangement.pdf}})


= Acknowledgement =
= Acknowledgement =
We are grateful to '''Prof Tina Jarvis and colleagues''' for permission to use their [[Primary_Science_-_Classroom_Organisation.mp4|video clip titled 'Primary Science - Classroom Organisation']] produced by the SCIcentre (National Centre for Initial Teacher Training in Primary School Science).
We are grateful to '''Prof Tina Jarvis and colleagues''' for permission to use their [[ Video/Primary_Science_-_Classroom_Organisation.mp4 | Primary Science - Classroom Organisation ]] video, produced by the SCIcentre (National Centre for Initial Teacher Training in Primary School Science).


{{activity summary}}
{{activity summary}}


{{OER4S_NextSession}}
{{OER4S_NextSession}}